Alfred Wallace

The scientific understanding of life has been shaped with the guidance of intellectual breakthroughs in history. One of these breakthroughs Is Alfred Russell Wallace (1823-1913), a British naturalist born in Monotheistic, England who gained a reputation of greatness upon exploration of Malay Archipelago. Unlike other great Intellects Like Charles Darwin, Wallace had dropped his formal schooling at the age of fourteen to start providing for his family as a carpenter.Later In life Wallace acquires a job at the Collegiate school of Leister teaching, and it is here that he tests Henry Walter Bates, a naturalist who sparks Wallach's interest in nature. Alfred Russell Wallace is known to have advocate the the theory of intelligent evolution and co-discover natural selection alongside Charles Dawn. This theory suggests that evolution is purely built for utility and only occurs when changes are necessary for survival and purposeful. Wallace writes a letter to Darwin stating his theory, and c learly impacts him to write â€Å"Origin of Species†.Wallace becomes a spiritualist In 1860 and began to believe In theology. Wallach's new beliefs lead him to reject scientific explanations of human Intelligence and Instead believe that teleology was the cause of evolution. The theory of intelligent evolution was widely accepted alongside Drawing's by the science community up until Wallach's belief of spirituality developed. Although the theories of Darwin and Wallace are very similar, and were even viewed as the same in Darning's eyes, the difference between the two is that Darwin wasn't afraid to publish his and Wallace was.Public opinion of unorthodox theories of evolution at the time were very harsh and close-minded, but publication of these risky theories gave the public an opportunity to open up to modern thinking. The Intelligent mind of Alfred Wallace had been opened up to naturalism through the readings of numerous Influential works. Controversial academic publishin g Like â€Å"Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation† and â€Å"Constitution of Man† by George Combo suggested to the public that the environment around man is responsible for hang.More readings such as Charles Lye's Principles of Geology helped Wallace realize that mankind had the potential to change, thus sparking his curiosity and drive to understanding. Alfred Wallace By radicand breakthroughs in history. One of these breakthroughs is Alfred Russell Wallace reputation of greatness upon exploration of Malay Archipelago. Unlike other great intellects like Charles Darwin, Wallace had dropped his formal schooling at the age of fourteen to start providing for his family as a carpenter.Later in life Wallace acquires a Job at the Collegiate school of Leister teaching, and it is here that he spiritualist in 1860 and began to believe in theology. Wallach's new beliefs lead him to reject scientific explanations of human intelligence and instead believe that The intellige nt mind of Alfred Wallace had been opened up to naturalism through the readings of numerous influential works. Controversial academic publishing like Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation† and â€Å"Constitution of Man† by George

Knowledge and Understanding of the Confessions of Jeremiah Essay

Outline your knowledge and understanding of the Confessions of Jeremiah Jeremiah was the son of Hilkiah, and a member of a priestly family. He was a native of Judah and came from Anathoth, a small village in the north east of Jerusalem. His prophetic ministry lasted from approximately 626 to 580BC, and is one of the longest of all the writing prophets. The prophet Jeremiah began his long prophetic career in 626BC; â€Å"in the thirteenth year of Josiah’s reign† He was still a very young man at this time. The narrative of his call is in a dialogue between Jeremiah and Yahweh. From this we can see straight away that Jeremiah had a very intimate relationship with God from the outset. Unlike other prophets, Jeremiah seems to have been chosen to be a prophet before he was even born. â€Å"Before I formed you in the womb I knew you. Before you were born I consecrated you, I appointed you a prophet to the nations.† It seemed it was the destiny of Jeremiah to be a prophet. According to Kidner, Jeremiah was â€Å"handmade for the task.† Similarly to Moses and Amos, at first Jeremiah was reluctant to consent to his mission, saying â€Å"Ah Lord God behold I do not know how to speak for I am only a youth†, but his faith in Yahweh gave him faith in himself, and he accepted the role God asked of him. Perhaps this teaches us the meaning of rising to face personal challenges. Yahweh said to Jeremiah â€Å"Be not afraid of them for I am with you to deliver you.† This is very much the faith of believers today, that in times of trouble, God is constant in our lives. In Jeremiahs call, Yahweh outlines the purpose of his ministry. He says â€Å"I have set you this day over nations and kingdoms, to pluck up and to break down, to destroy and overthrow, to build and to plant.† This summarizes the two main aspects of Jeremiahs mission. It was to be a twofold mission, having both a positive and negative mission, and promising reconstruction after destruction. Yahweh intended to punish the people for their sins and injustice, yet it would be this destruction that would create a new and holy people. In this aspect, we can see a similarity between Hosea and Jeremiah, in that Hosea also believed in Redemptive Judgement. Following the dialogue of Jeremiah’s call, there were two visions. The first of these visions is the vision of the almond rod, and the second vision is one of the boiling pot facing away from the north. These visions both contained a message of judgement. The mouth of the put is facing towards the south, away from the north, which implies that the danger that Judah will face will come from the north, and that these forces will destroy Judah. Yahweh says here â€Å"And I will utter my judgements against them, for all their wickedness in forsaking me; they have made their offerings to other gods, and worshipped the works of their own hands.† In his visions, God speaks very frankly of judgement, expressing that it is going to happen soon, and that the destruction is going to come from the North. After this, Yahweh encourages Jeremiah again with the divine power of his task. He is made aware that being young and experienced, he would be resisted and persecuted by many, but that he would be upheld and strengthened by God. Jeremiah understood â€Å"sin† in terms of the betrayal of love, and accused the people of being guilty of embracing pagan gods, and flirting with heathen empires. They succumbed to the corrupting influences of the nature cults. Jeremiah found their behaviour incredible, and failed to understand why after Yahweh had been so good to the people during the time of exodus, they would desert him. He accused the people of forsaking Yahweh saying â€Å"They have forsaken me, the fountain of living water, and dug out cisterns for themselves, cracked cisterns that can hold no water.† In other words, they had deserted Yahweh for gods which were useless to them. Jeremiah also outlined the futility of foreign alliances, and said that in times of political emergency, he left their true protector. They lost faith in Yahweh, and this led to Assyria losing their religion independence. Jeremiah felt this was stupidity on their part, and appealed to the people to return to the covenant, but they paid him no heed. The call from Jeremiah is a call for repentance. Kidner said â€Å"Judah had seen it all and followed suit, sinning with her eyes open. To make it worse she had put on a sanctimonious show of repentance and reform.† Jeremiah says that the Jews were guilty of syncretism and apostasy, but that they were so religiously complacent that they were ignorant of their own sin. There was evidence of paganism and the people of Judah were confused. The nation had sunk to a dangerously low level of religious impurity. They had become hardened, and unfeeling in relation to their conscience. Jeremiahs confessions are autobiographical. The book of Jeremiah is split into six different passages The passages in jeremiahs confessions have three things in common, they are in first person, they are directly addressed to God and not to the people or its rulers, and they express the deep suffering felt by the prophet in exercising his mission. These passages are what made Jeremiah unique amongst the Hebrew prophets. He is the only prophet to reveal the personal impact his role had on him. In the confessional passages we see a real, human being, whose frailty we can identify with and whose trauma we can understand. Rarely did other prophets give us a glimpse into their lives, but in the passages Jeremiah wrote, he revealed his soul. Throughout his ministry, Jeremiah was often in conflict with his own contemporaries. This conflict was not his choosing. We are reminded of Hosea, in the sense that Jeremiah was a man of intense sympathy and tenderness of the heart, and all he wanted was to feel the love and companionship of others. He despised the conflict that deprived him of warmth and conflict that he craved, and so he became a depressed and hostile man. Yahweh said to Jeremiah â€Å"You shall not take a wife, nor shall you have sons and daughters in this place.† This was due to the impending crisis. In the ancient near east, sterility was considered to be a terrible curse, so we know from this that Jeremiahs celibacy would not have been down to personal choice. This shows how Jeremiah endured personal suffering, as a result of the nation’s wickedness. The first two passages in Jeremiahs confessions reveal a plot against his life, instigated by immediate family and acquaintances. The people saw Jeremiah, son of a priest, as a traitor. He reacted fiercely to this plot, and asked for the death of these men. The incident caused Jeremiah to reflect on his mission, and on the very meaning of human existence. As Jeremiah asked for no more than justice, God upheld his fierce reaction saying â€Å"I am going to punish them†¦For I will bring disaster upon the people of Anathoth.† This punishment however is not for vengeance, it is for reform. It is here that Jeremiah shows us a different side of him. He exaggerates the gloom, and welcomes the thought of retribution. Yahweh tells him that he has to keep his faith and courage during his sufferings, because they are little compared to what is to come. God knows only too well the pain of ingratitude; desertion from a spouse; defiance of a son, a daughter. A parallel is evident between the family’s rejection of Jeremiah, and the nation’s rejection of Yahweh. In the third passage, we see a new outburst and pleading by Jeremiah as he describes the â€Å"inner crisis† he is facing. He believed that everything he did seemed to bring him into conflict with his fellow men. It is here that Jeremiah laments on his mother, saying â€Å"woe is me, my mother that you ever bore me, a man of strife and contention to the whole land.† As Jeremiah’s call predates his birth, to curse the day of his birth would mean a rejection of his mission. His persecution arises from the message he has to deliver. Jeremiah was depressed by his work and often wondered about its purpose. In his eyes, all it caused was contention with his fellow Jews, and made him considered a troublemaker. The reaction the people of Judah gave him meant he became bitter, and saw himself condemned to a life of loneliness. The people reacted in such a hostile way to Jeremiah because he told them what they didn’t want to hear. He foretold disaster and the people remained sceptical of what he was saying, which only caused Jeremiah to fall even further into depression. As a result of the personal persecution and enforced loneliness, Jeremiah became vindictive and actually prayed for vengeance on those who treated him so poorly. This desire for vengeance only further reveals the humanity of Jeremiah. The third confession also indicates that Jeremiah faced an inward struggle with Yahweh, as well as an outward struggle with men. He was torn between obligation and inclination. He felt obliged to work as a prophet, and continue to live the sort of life that would lead to conflict with others, but due to the stress his prophetic work caused him, he felt inclined to avoid it. In the beginning, the words of Yahweh brought Jeremiah joy. â€Å"Your words were found, and I ate them and your words became to me a joy and the delight of my heart†, but this has all changed now. Jeremiah has been left an object of ridicule, and God’s words no longer gave him joy. He felt God used him as instrument to announce pain and destruction on people he felt love for, and at times he was almost blasphemous, accusing Yahweh of overpowering and misleading him. â€Å"Oh Lord though hast deceived me, and I was deceived, thou art stronger than I and thou hast prevailed. Yahweh’s reply renews and confirms he prophet’s mission, using the very words from his call. â€Å"And I will make you to this people a fortified wall of bronze.† It is made clear h owever, that this will only happen when Jeremiah has converted, and regained confidence within his mission. In the last of the confessional passages, Jeremiah tells us of his most dramatic inner crisis, firmly believing that Yahweh has tricked him. â€Å"Oh Lord you have enticed me and I was enticed; you have over powered me and you have prevailed.† He fears being classed as a false prophet, which would have been devastating because he is one of the biggest critics of them. These false prophets were Jeremiahs greatest competition, and promised a shortcut to divine restoration. They spoke of peace, and attempted to â€Å"heal the wound of the people lightly†, but their remedies failed to touch even the root of the problem. Jeremiah says the complete opposite to these false prophets. Jeremiah believed that Yahweh would intervene in human history to punish, where as the false prophets proclaimed that God was uninterested in human affairs, and therefore that he wouldn’t intervene in them. Jeremiah believes that they feed the Jews with false hope, whenever doom is inevitable, and without the destruction they cannot be rebuilt. According to Bright, these prophets are â€Å"nothing but wind.† The role of a true prophet was often to act as a contestant to the status quo. The people of Judah did not like the challenge that Jeremiah was presenting them with. Jeremiah remained insistent however, that in light of Judah’s perversity, she would be punished. Although here he is clearly presented as a Prophet of Doom, this is only one aspect to his mission, and like other prophets, he does have a message of hope. Similarly to Amos, Jeremiah is warning the people what is to come if they do not repent, he is giving them warning so change is a possibility. It is for this reason he is also known as the â€Å"Prophet of Repentance.† He feels doubtful in relation to his message, and feels he is crying wolf in regard to his mission, by proclaiming a message of judgement which has not yet come to pass. Once again we are reminded of the conflict with Jeremiah in relation to obligation and inclination. Here Jeremiah describes his obligation to speak in a prophetic voice as a fire burning within him, forcing him to go on with his prophetic work despite the feeling that his inclination was to stop. Jeremiah speaks of his struggle saying â€Å"If I saw I will not mention him, or speak anymore in his name, the n within me there is something like a burning fire shut up in my bones. I am weary with holding it in and I cannot.† When Jeremiah says â€Å"But the Lord is with me like a dread warrior; therefore my persecutors will stumble†, he seems to have come to realise that within him there was the potential to move forwards and cope with what he thought was impossible. He finally realised that he was not alone, and that God would always be with him. Although Jeremiah at times curses the day he was born, the one thing that lifted him out of his depression was the deep conviction that Yahweh would always be there for him. Kidner says on Jeremiah â€Å"He goes on to his worst ordeals with never a hesitation or a word of doubt.† In conclusions, the outpourings from Jeremiahs heart that we witness in his confessions could be said to reveal imperfections about his human character, such as vindictiveness towards his fellow men and irrelevance towards God. However as Jeremiah was aware of his own perfections, by repenting Yahweh would help him overcome all of his human imperfections. If only the Jews had have realised the need to repent, then Yahweh could have help them overcome their imperfections through prayer and dialogue.

Mother Tongue Essay

Society often influences the identity of an individual through different factors, one of which is language. â€Å"The power of language can evoke an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth† (FYR: 84). Language is used daily in our lives, and therefore plays a significant role in shaping our identity. The narrative â€Å"Mother Tongue† depicts the variations of the English language, and the nature of talk. Amy Tan also shares the story of her mother’s â€Å"broken† English and how this limited her perception of hers mother’s communication with others. Language can be developed both through environment, and one’s personal experiences. The power of language is essential in the way we express and communicate with one another. We all grow up surrounded by different forms of English speaking, which is due to the atmosphere we are raised in. As denoted in the narrative Amy Tan says â€Å"But I do think that the language spoken in family, especially in immigrant families which is more insular, plays a large role in shaping the language of the child†. (FYR: 87) Coming from an immigrant family myself I can concur with the opinion of Amy Tan. My mother like that of Amy Tan speaks â€Å"broken† English and I too am so accustomed to it, I have no trouble understanding her. However, all do not understand my mother’s language since it’s not the â€Å"proper† fluent English many people are familiar with. My mother is at disadvantage to obtain equal opportunities and services due to the language barrier society impose. My relationship with my mother at home perhaps adds to the difficulty she has when speaking English. Instead of helping my mother improve her English I become impatient and tell her â€Å" mom forget it, you’re not pronouncing it right† and begin speaking to her in Spanish. Holding back from speaking English with my mother will not help her progress from her â€Å"broken† English and it is selfish of me to do so. I want my mother to be able to progress so she can be able to defend herself from all the assumptions that surround being a middle class Hispanic woman. My mother has come a long way breaking down several barriers and I am sure language will be no exception. Perhaps, my mothers English will not be impeccable, but I admire her everything else she has excelled in. Therefore, I am not ashamed of my mother English because she embraces it in a way that is suitable and convenient to her. It is very difficult to speak only one form of English when your audience varies from time to time. We have different ways when approaching family, friends, and professors, which depicts our commitment to diversity. If we all spoke the same way toward everyone it would take away from our identity. As Amy Tan share â€Å"I happen to be rebellious in nature and enjoy the challenge of disproving assumptions made about me†(FYR: 88). Her motivation allows us believe that breaking away from the norms soc to envision ourselves breaking away from the norms society This was a very motivating quote for me because it allows me see that breaking from the norms society has for you is achievable. Our identity is shaped around qualities that make us feel accepted in society. Language is a daily tool used differently amongst one another in order to communicate. Our nature of talk characters the way we see, express, and make sense of the world. Language should not be an obstacle between one another’s communication; instead it should be an opportunity to learn about the diverse tongues in this world. Although all tongues are distinct from one another, it ultimately helps us embrace our true identities or as Amy Tans will refer to it our â€Å"mother tongue†.

Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 4

Proposal - Essay Example However most individuals are not aware of the health hazards which regular fast food consumption may cause. Although it is not possible to completely eradicate fast food, it is important to reduce its consumption and make people aware of its health implications. Fast food chains however hesitate to display nutritional information as they fear it may cause losing consumers. This practice further impacts food choice and causes chronic health conditions. According to the National Institute of health Statistics of the U.S (2002), the proportion of obese adults have grown from 23% to 31%. A number of fast food chains which are stated to be healthy also have grown multiple folds in the last decade. Many health researchers such as Heini and Weinsier (1997) have opined that individuals at present burn fewer calories as compared to earlier times due to the rapid growth of technology. Although the number of leisure activities are seen to rise steadily, the time spend by individuals in these activities has been low. Individuals do not indulge in as much physical activity as per their calorie intake (Chandon, Morwitz and Reinartz, 2005). Moreover, the health claims made by fast food chain restaurants misdirect consumers. According to Mussweiler (2003) the nutritional facts stated by many fast food chains are seen to be inaccurate due to which more orders gets placed. Consumers get misdirected by the manner in which fast food chains display t he calorific information of different food items (Ledikwe, Julia and Barbara, 2005). The attitude of consumers towards such information is also seen to remain casual to a very large extent. The presence of a few vegetables or fruit items in the food gets overestimated by consumers and they fall under the assumption that the food they are consuming is healthy (Balasubramanian and Cole, 2002). Additionally, consumers are not aware of the net amount of energy their body requires each day and therefore

International Business Law COmparative between Unidroit principles and Essay

International Business Law COmparative between Unidroit principles and Al-Majala - Essay Example Man is weak in nature, where he is dependent on industries, clothing, housing, and food for his survival. In short, he is civilized and cannot live like animals, but rather in need of association and co-operation in order to work with fellow human beings to be able to live well (AL-Majalla 1-17). According to AL-Majalla (1-17), each person has the things which he likes and dislikes, and as a result, laws have been established in order to maintain justice and order which regard to, social relations, marriage and mutual help which is civilization in general. The first distribution Islamic Law in the Al-Majala, there is a sector which deals with domestic relations, second deals with civil obligation and the last deals with punishments. In that regard, this paper aims at comparing Business International Law between Unidroit principles and Islamic Law in the Al-Majala. Islamic business laws principles in the Al-Majala requires that any transactions should be conventional of particular tra nsactions. The effects of contracts should also be given meaning and intention of phrases and words, which means that the subject sale of the contract had a right to redeem and pledge. To add to this, certainty is not proved by doubts, and a basic principle that everything remains as original as possible. For example, things should be left as they were, since time immemorial because there was no injury that existed back then. Additionally, liability freedom is an essential principle, and therefore, if an individual destroys another person’s property, as dispute arise in the name of the amount, the testimonial of the person who caused the destruction is heard, and the responsibility of the proof of any sum lies in the property owner, (AL-Majalla 1-17). AL-Majalla (1-17) also claims that Non-existence is an essential principle that applies to each right that comes up. For instance, partnership case of labor and capital, where a dispute comes up whether there is any profit made or not. Normally, the statement of the individual who has the responsibility of labour supply is heard, and the capital owner must have a proof of profits being made, because the main principle is profit non-existence. However, judgment is given in regard to matter that is approved at that time, unless any other proves are provided. Therefore, if the case is proved at that time, a specific item belongs to a person, then the ownership shall be said to be valid unless proven otherwise, which can invalidate the ownership. The Islamic principle in Al-Majala also requires that if there are any upcoming occurrences, they shall be considered as happenings, which happen at the near present. This means that, if any dispute comes up in regard to the time and causes of the event, then such events are referred to the time which is near to the present, unless proven that it relates to some other period. Words are also literally construed, and no attention is paid to any inferences in facts that are obvious claims. This is because, if the text seems to be clear, then there is no need for interpretation. In fact, in Islamic law, matter which has been contrary proved as analogy, which is legal, are not termed as analogy ways in regard to other matters. This means that legal interpretations do not destroy each other. Difficulties cause facility, and therefore, in case of any hardships there must be considerations. This can well be explained by

Post-Communist Countries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Post-Communist Countries - Essay Example According to the essay "Post-Communist Countries" findings, the United States could not intervene knowing how aggressive Russia was and could end up turning on to America. But the U.S president in 2005, George W. Bush, encouraged Mr. Saakashvili to continue with his plans and take heart. Georgian and Russian relations had been on the rocks from the time Russia assisted Ossetia to break away from Georgian rule. This relationship could not be mended since Russia saw Georgia as a threat because Georgia was the only former soviet state willing to stand against Russia in the face of war. The war between these two countries contributed the good relationship that Russia and Georgia have now. Both countries have also experienced good economic balancing due to their ability to produce oil which is an import resource which attracts the west. Countries like the US have also reaped from this peaceful conditions leading to prosperity. Moreover, Poland and the US have also shared good political re lations. In 2007, the US had plans to construct an anti-ballistic missile defense in Poland. However, Russia perceived this as a threat and reacted by testing intercontinental ballistic missile. Irrespective of these countries size, Poland had the highest population density followed by Bulgaria. Ironically, Russia had the least population density something that can be traced to its economic power. From this data, it is evident that countries with the highest population densities suffered economically.

Amazon Prime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Amazon Prime - Essay Example So, in order to generate value for the customers, frequent purchases on the online store is necessary. For repositioning the service, a multi step strategy can be implemented. The first one is to create awareness about the service among the loyal customers, who have high shopping frequency. The second step will be to highlight the benefits of faster product delivery during the holiday seasons, which are the prime shopping seasons (Rao, 2013). The third step can be to pitch the service to consumers, who has a high movie watching tendency. The final tactic will be to offer attractive price rate for consumer electronics and books, since they have the highest purchases in the online stores (Nanji, 2013). By offering attractive prices, the purchase frequency of the consumers can be increased and this will create a pull demand for the Amazon Prime Service. Kline, D. (2014). Is Amazon Prime Still Cost Effective With a $20 Price Increase? Retrieved from: http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2014/04/17/is-amazon-prime-still-cost-effective-with-a-20-pri.aspx Rao, L. (2013). eBay And Amazon On This Year’s Marketplace Holiday Shopping Trends. Retrieved from: http://techcrunch.com/2013/11/24/ebay-and-amazon-on-this-years-marketplace-holiday-shopping-trends/ Nanji, A. (2013) Online Shopping Trends 2013: Most Popular Categories, Top Purchase Drivers. Retrieved from:

Chinese Current Religion Development Situation Term Paper

Chinese Current Religion Development Situation - Term Paper Example Indeed, the religion has enjoyed a lot of support from the masses and became a guiding ideology in the Chinese context. However, Confucianism did not actually develop into a concrete national belief. Presently, over 85 % of the Chinese people subscribe to some form of religious orientation while the rest are regarded as real atheists. The atheists comprise those who do not have any religious guiding philosophy and do not engage in any religious activities in their lives. Since the beginning of Chinese history, religion in the country has always been characterized by pluralism. Religion in the country basically depends upon the free will of the people and does not really require any form of adherence. In this regard, Buddhism remains one of the most widely practiced forms of religion in the country. Indeed, this religion has a very rich history in the country dating back to the 1st century. In the same way, popular religion is one of the most widely accepted religious traditions. ... Christians make up close to 4% of the total population while Muslims stand at 1.5%. It is further important to note that several religious movements are scattered across the country considering that China is a very large country with a huge population. Many of the intellectuals in China mostly subscribe to Confucianism. Indeed, religion is a very integral part of Chinese society and this is clearly evidenced through the presence of many tall religious statues across the country. These statutes were created to represent various deities and religious personalities from the different forms of religion realized in the country (Clart, 54). The republic of China was established in 1949 and the government of the country is officially atheist. Indeed, the government views religion as a form of feudalism and an imposition of colonialism on the people and does not therefore support or regard any religion as above the other. However, the people of China are always free in terms of making their decisions. More importantly, the government has established a strong separation between the state and the church. Much of the changes with respect to religion were realized during the Cultural Revolution between 1966 and 1967 which was a policy basically geared towards the elimination of religions. During this time, many places of worship in the country were destroyed. There was a considerable relaxation of this policy in the 1970s which marked the end of the Revolution and subsequently religious expression was permitted in the country (Jenner, 46). The 1978 Constitution of China guarantees freedom of religion for everyone in Article 36. As such, it is a policy that no one shall be discriminated upon on the basis of their religion or compelled to join any religion. There

Cell phone should use it on class room Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cell phone should use it on class room - Essay Example Students prefer carrying their handheld cell phones in order to surf information faster as well as keep themselves updated with what is being taught in class. These pocket sized devices help students keep connected to each other as well as reduce the burden on paper because information is so readily available that students find it easier to learn and grow personally by having knowledge right on their fingertips. Teachers can mail children about their problems and home work and keep in touch with them in a better manner as well. Cell phones also have various applications which help students make notes as well as keep reminders about school and college events and happenings and thus make the entire process less tiring both mentally and physically on the child. Thus, students prefer to use their cell phones during class hours and it can actually be a boon for them. Almost every class room around the world has a no cell phone policy – and much rightly so. Cell phones have become the biggest distraction, especially in a student’s life because of the capacity of applications and tools that they contain. Students find it tough to work on essays with pen and paper and have become obsessed with copying and pasting information for their work from the internet. Thus, it is leading to retarding their learning and growth process. Not only this, but cell phones keep beeping all the time and distracting young minds from learning what is important. Since almost every student is connected to the other, an array of text messages and calls never leave them, even inside the classroom. Thus, there should be some hours a day where a student does not communicate via his cell phone, but pays attention to what is being taught. Most children take to playing games and spending their time on social networking websites with cell phones within the classroom, wasting precious learning time.

Management Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management - Research Proposal Example have changed complete process of business activities, where employers used to focus primarily on the products and customers, whereas, HRM has inclined employers to focus on the employees. Thus, employers are putting enormous efforts and investing huge amounts to ensure satisfaction of employees in their organizations. For such purpose, it has now become very imperative to evaluate different HRM strategies regarding their role and impact on the employee satisfaction that will be the major focus of the proposed research. It is imperative for a researcher to identify aims and objectives during the planning process of any research, as focused objectives play an influential role in providing productive and positive outcomes rather than inefficient results that usually occur due to lack of aims that is another indication of misuse of resources. In this regard, the proposed study will allow the researcher to understand different HRM strategies and their impact on different aspects of employees in a comprehensive and critical manner. More importantly, the researcher anticipates acquiring a theoretical, and at the same time, a practical understanding of the HRM impact during the evaluation of one of the organizations. Besides the impact, the researcher will put enormous efforts to recognize drawbacks and defects in the HRM strategies that may affect an employee and his/her satisfaction level in an adverse manner. In this regard, the researcher will try to identify and analyze HRM strategies from employers’, as well as employees’ perspective. Lastly, the proposed study will endeavor to propose solutions and identify prospects of the HRM strategies in the business organizations that will be very beneficial for future studies, as well as future employers. In order to carry out an efficient research, it is very important for a research to arrange a preliminary review of available literature, and thus, the research proposal will now discuss some of the significant

Business law- policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business law- policies - Essay Example Supervisors are required to keep an active outlook for disputes. Company policy is to avoid disputes through proactive action on the part of both employees and company management. In case a dispute arises, the concerned employee’s actions shall be investigated by the immediate supervisor. If all employees involved in a dispute belong to one section or department then the immediate supervisor shall conduct the investigation. If employees from different departments or sections are involved in a dispute then the concerned supervisors will investigate the dispute through mutual consultation. The level of dispute investigation should be raised as deemed appropriate by the investigating authority. Throughout the course of the investigation, the investigating authority must ensure confidentiality of all concerned parties. Moreover, the employees involved in the dispute must not divulge any details of the investigation to any part of the company or outside it until the investigation is not deemed complete. Failure to do so may result in the termination of employment. A thorough investigation of the dispute must be followed by measures to resolve the dispute as amicably as possible. In case that the termination of employees is deemed as the only resolution then regular termination policies shall be enforced. Moreover, the investigators must ensure that the employee agrees to his termination so that the company does not fall liable to claims of compensation by terminated employees. The final investigation report must contain measures to avoid such disputes in the future. Any recommended lines of action to avoid disputes shall be implemented by HR in no more than 6 weeks since the end of the investigation. {company name} holds exclusive rights to discharge or terminate the employment of any employee after due process requirements are met. Upon discharge or termination the concerned employee will be

Physical Activity at School Is Important Essay Example for Free

Physical Activity at School Is Important Essay Physical activity is important in many various ways. Aim for 30 minutes of physical activity a day on most days of the week. Your activity can be spread out through the day. Try for 10 minutes at a time, but even a few minutes’ counts. A big reason physical activity important is having strong bones. Another big reason is having a healthier heart and lungs. Another reason physical activity is important is because everybody needs a lot of energy. All three of these reasons are important in our everyday lives. My first reason is you get stronger bones. Having stronger bones is one of the main reasons of physical activity and its importance. A personal experience that has happened to me is that my uncle never exercised and got osteoporosis. Exercising just a few minutes each day will gain you stronger bones. Every minute counts. Want muscles? Exercise at least 30 minutes’ each day for a long period of time I guarantee you results. My second reason is having a healthier heart and lungs. This is also one of the main reasons of physical activity and its importance. A personal experience I’ve gone through is that my grandpa died from chronic disease. Try keeping your heart and lungs extremely healthy. Avoid heart disease and acute disease. Nobody likes that. Live a long and healthier life. My third and final reason is having more energy. More energy throughout the day is magnificent. A personal experience that I’ve gone through is having no energy. Exercising allows more energy to flow through your body and be more enthusiastic during the day. In conclusion I believe physical is important in various ways. One reason is because you maintain stronger bones. Another reason is because you get a healthier heart and lungs. And the last reason is you get more energy. This content has shown most of the important reasons of why physical activity is important.

Analysis Of Trends For Honeymoon Tourists

Analysis Of Trends For Honeymoon Tourists In the previous, it is explained that a wedding trip or honeymoon was become easier along the way with the improvement on ways of going places that no longer hardship to stir from home to go to other places and it was a new concept of traveling for leisure purposes. The transportation kept improving and producing newer and better destinations until there was more place than the visitors. There was no record who was the first couple going for honeymoon, but no doubt they go honeymoon because everybody else did and it seems as a challenge for them to do the same as others. At the first time honeymoon was considered only for the rich, and as a cachet for distinction and further glory (Hoke, 1933). However, as time goes by, the travel get cheaper, transportation keep improving and more destination enhanced, number of couples take their honeymoon also increasing. There are many various variables that todays honeymooners may be looking for. They may be looking for the atmosphere, facility provided, romantic places, and so on. According to the Travel Industry Association of America, most couples are willing to spend more money on honeymoon rather than the regular trips. Moreover, some honeymooners also looking for the unique places for honeymoon. They want to feel a different experience once in a lifetime. For these travelers, its the time for a fantasy journey to destinations whose very names mean romance. They are choosing to go further away on their honeymoon to a different environment and that includes everything: a different language, culture, and food. However, for some couples who have a fulltime job and, as work schedules become more and more hectic, many couples are choosing to honeymoon close to home, enjoying a long weekend at local bed-and-breakfasts and country inns (Perementer and Bigley, 2000) According to MacNair Travel Management survey, it is suggested that Hawaii is the top honeymoon destination. And it is supported by Hoke (1933), Niagara Falls and Washington were the first outstanding honeymoon resort. The honeymooners are most anticipating to beach and dining as a part of their honeymoon activity. Other than that spa also was the couples preferred activity on their honeymoon. With the evolution and innovation that spa could make health better, spa becomes ideal to enjoy and fashionable newlyweds often choose it for honeymoon. 2.2. Hotel Classification Along with the desires of traveler that keep growing, Tourism Industry along with all the attributes in it also needs to be developed to meet their needs. The hotel industry is so vast that many hotels do not fit into single well defined category. Industry can be classified in various ways, based on location, size of property etc. Based on location, for example is city hotel, is the hotel which is located in the heart of city within a short distance from business center, shopping complex. Airport hotels, these hotels are set up near by the airport. They have transit guest who stay over between flights. Resort hotel, is the hotel that cater consumer who wants to relax, enjoy themselves. They could be located in beach side, hill, and recreational area. Most resort work to full capacity during peak season Based in size of property, this category is divided according to the number of rooms available in the hotel. Small hotel is a hotel with 100 rooms or less. Medium sized hotel, hotel which has 100 rooms to 300 rooms. Large hotel, is the hotel which has more than 300 rooms. Mega hotel is a hotel which has more than 1000 rooms available. Based on the level of service there are three types of hotel which are upscale or luxury, midscale, and budget hotel. Budget hotel meets only provide the basic needs of the guest compared to the midscale and upscale hotel which provide a better service than the budget. Luxury hotel offers world class service providing restaurant and lounges, concierge service, meeting rooms, dining facilities. It is easy also to identify those types of hotel from the design of the hotel itself. Based on theme, there are Heritage hotels, Ecohotels, Boutique hotels. Heritage hotel offers rooms that have their own history, serve traditional cuisine and are entertained by folk artist. Ecohotel, is an environment friendly hotels which usually use eco friendly items in the room. Boutique hotel is a hotel that provides exceptional accommodation, furniture in a themed and stylish, unique manner. Based on target market, hotels are classified into commercial hotel, convention hotels, resort hotel, suite hotel and casino hotel. First, commercial hotel, they are situated in the heart of the city in busy commercial areas so as to get good and high business. They cater mostly businessmen. Second, convention hotel usually provide a large convention complex and cater guest who are attending conference, etc. Third, resort hotel, is a leisure hotel which are mainly for vacationers, leisure traveler, who want to relax and enjoy with their family. The atmosphere is more relaxed. Fourth, suite hotel offers rooms that may include compact kitchenette. They cater to people who are relocating act as executives who are away from home for a long business stay. Last but not least casino hotel, is a hotel with a gambling facility. This hotel usually attracts those leisure and vacation travelers. Honeymooners as consumer could choose the type of hotel for them to stay in their honeymoon. They can choose to stay whether in city hotel, resort, large hotel, small hotel, upscale, midscale, budget hotel, theme hotel, and many more. However, wherever they choose the hotel to stay, there must be the reason behind why they choose particular hotel. In choosing hotel for honeymoon, there must be a decision between couples. Therefore it is important to observe on how husband and wife decision making. ( http://hotel-industry.learnhub.com/lesson/8842-classification-of-hotels) 2.3. Decision Making 2.3.1. Consumer Decision Making Process In our daily life we will always faced with various decision. When we want to purchase product or services is also a part of decision. No one purchase or consume something unless they have a problem, a need, a want or a purposes.There are seven major stage that consumer typically go through in decision making but however in this study will only explain six stage such as need recognition, search information, pre-purchased evalutaion, purchase, consumption, post-consumption evaluation. Need recognition, is the stage when the consumers will sense the things that they believe the product have the ability to solve a problem is worth more than the cost of buying it. Therefore the marketers could make a product that can fulfill the desire of the consumers but they also have to keep the cost in line with the market they are targeted. At this stage, the consumer are influenced with many variables such as, personality, social class, income, past experience, prior brand perception. Source of Information, is the stage when the consumers are obtaining informations they need to make a product choices are suitable with them. The source of informations could be obtained from marketer dominated or non-marketer dominated. Advertising, sales person, website, travel agentcy are the source of information that refers to marketer dominated. Friends, family and the words of mouth refers to non-marketer source of information. Pre-Purchase Evaluation, is the stage when the consumers are comparing the various choices of brands, products, and services that which will most likely result in their satisfaction with the consumption. In this stage the consumers will influenced with their motivation, knowledge, attitudes and personality, lifestyle. Other than that they also will consider on the price, and quality of the product. Purchase and Consumption, is the stage when the consumers have decided the ideal product or services for them and after that they consume the product or services. Post-Consumption Evaluation, the stage when the consumers have experience the product or services and they will sense whether they are satisfied or not satisfied. They will feel satisfied when the performance of the products or services are matched by the precieved performance, when the performance fall below the precieve performance there will be dissatisfaction. Those the stages above are might be went through by the individual or couples decision making process in general. During the decision making process there will be a negotiation between the husband and wife. The stages before the purchasing stage, couples will affected by push and pull factors which is come from the internal and external. (Blackwell, Miniard and Mason, 2001) 2.3.2 The Choice-sets Model Research on individuals decision making process is explained by applying the choice-sets model. There are three stages in individual choice-sets model. The final decision made by the individual is the result of consecutive process of reducing some alternatives in the consideration from large number in the early consideration set to just a few in the late consideration set. The process from the early consideration set to the late consideration set is affected by the push and pull factors. After that the situational inhibitors also influence the individual from late consideration set to the final decision. According to Jang, et al. (2006) couples and family are the substantial objects in analyzing decision making in the existing choice-sets model. In family decision making process, there are many individuals different preferences involve for the final decision. The choice-sets selection process of an individual is different from couples choice-set process in several way. First, there are two people are involved in the decision making process. Each partner brings their own preferences regarding the possible choices. Second, it is possible for conflict to be occurred because of the differences of idea and perceptions regarding the alternatives. Therefore there will be a discussion among them to find out which is the best option match for them. Third, couples will formulate ones own early consideration set, based on elements of their own preferences and their partners preferences that already mutually identified through discussion. Thus, the couple choice-sets model consist of four stages , while individual choice-sets model consist of three stages, from the early consideration set to the final choice. In addition, as explained by the individual choice-sets model, the relevant process is also competent in the couples choice-sets model in choosing honeymoon hotel. The number of hotel alternatives under each individuals consideration will be lessening at each stage, before the final decision is made. The choice-sets model below is adopted from Jang, et al. (2006) study and will be used as a reference on the following literature review. Comparing the individual destination choice-sets model to a destination choice-sets model for couples 2.3.3. Couples Decision Making within the Household The way of couple decision making is also found in a household. It is interesting to observe a relationship between household decisions making with its consuming behavior. A research on entire consumption and saving behavior can be as an example to be combined with the findings on household decision making (Ferber, 1973). Beside that the other simple example to be observed in household decision making is about economic. Every household must have put economy as their main primary concern. In traditional families, the role of householder is hold by the husband. Therefore logically all the decision within the household is decided by the husband respectively. Based on the data collection from Davis (1976), it has been proved that the decision making in the household are mostly done by the husband. He has a significant influence in the household consumption for frequently purchased on goods and services and for durable. Most of the time the husband gives his suggestion and his preferences for something and the wife is the one who purchase and spent the money for purchases of goods such as beer, liquor, shaving cream, and others. Same goes to the decision making for contraceptive usage. The husband has the important role and greater influence to the final decision (Davis, 1976; Bankole and Singh, 1998). In families today, there is more negotiation between husbands and wives occur in consumer decision making. The increasing number of career woman create the increasing number of dual-income family that leads to the influence of women have on consumer decision making (Razzouk, et al., 2007). The presence of women in the workforce today makes the women no longer seen as just homemakers and men as just breadwinner. As mentioned by Qualls (1987, pp.269) husband and wife established their own position and preferences as individual, through discussion, individual preferences evolve into joint decisions. Therefore there are some household decision making which is done by joint decision making which means that there is a corporation between the husband and wife in making decision. The simple example can be found in making decision on purchasing durable goods which is jointly consumed such as buying cars, home, villa, and many more (Davis, 1976). It is not an easy thing to make a decision by two people. Sometimes there are some different desires or preferences on each of them. Even though they make decision together, actually they still have a different tendency for each aspect to decide. For example like husband will be more on deciding the price differences, whether the price worth it or not for some items to buy and wife will be more on how many items to buy, how the design, etc. (Bernhardt, 1974 in Davis, 1976). In other words, husband tends to have a control in all decision which is taking a consideration of functional attributes, and wife would be considering on aesthetic aspect or beauty. Overall, the decision making within the household depends on the decision made by the spouse and also depends on what thing to decide. Sometimes husband has a significant influence in making a decision, and sometimes wife the one who taking a control in decision making, or sometimes both husband and wife put their idea and making a decision together, joint decision making. And how about couples decision in choosing honeymoon hotel? Is that would be the same situation with the decision making on regular consuming behavior within the household or not. Based on the notion explained, the following hypothesis is proposed: Hypothesis A1. There is a joint decision making between husband and wife in choosing honeymoon hotel. Hypothesis A2. There is a different area on making decision between husband and wife in choosing honeymoon hotel. 2.3.4. Gender Differences towards Travel Behavior There had been several studies conducted in the area of tourism and gender. It covers the role of women in tourism decision within the family. The various result gained depends on the difference roles among the family members, etc. (Fraj-Andres, 2010). Gender roles vary across cultures. There are behavioral differences between men and women that reflect the culturally determined differing roles of men and women. In some cultures, the traditional values point out the need for women to stay at home and take care of children. Women depend on men as breadwinners and womens responsibility is to take care of a family and home (Jackson Henderson, 1995). Nichols and Snepenger (1988) compared men and womens travel patterns and found that women preferred shorter trips, having fewer sports activities on their journeys and spending less money. Other than that women prefer on cultural and educational experiences when travelling, and men looked for action and adventure (McArthur ,1999). The other previous research result found that, in the choice of a hotel, expectations varied according to gender. Additionally, some demographic variables such as educational level, income level, have been useful for explaining the tourist behavior (Kastenholz et al., 2005) Based on the notion explained, the following hypothesis is proposed: Hypothesis A3. Each husband and wife has different preferences towards honeymoon hotel in the early consideration set. 2.3.4. Influence in Family Decision Making In family decision making process is often dynamic and complicated. Suggested by Jang, et al. (2006) in family decision making, individuals different preferences plays an important role deciding the final decision. These different preferences can result from the differences objective and differences perception towards the relevant topic discussed. There are might be some disagreements created in the decision making process. However, those disagreements may indicate an attempt to accommodate and resolve the problem, so that the joint decision could be made (Spiro, 1983). As mentioned by Strodtbeck (1951) in Spiro (1983), he tried to measure the power or influence of the husband and wife in the decision making. He observe the interaction between husband and wife in resolving the differences in the decision making process. There many influence strategy that might be used to make joint decision making. Spiro (1983) emphasize on six influence strategy that can be used to determine the type of influence strategy which is commonly use by couples to have a joint decision making. The result of his study was explained that there are many types of influencer strategies used by husbands and wives in attempting to resolve the differences of opinion or preferences. And some of the strategies that focus on this research are: Expert influence refers to the influence that a spouse has specific information concerning the various alternatives. She or he can try to convince the other that she or he is more knowledgeable concerning the product by giving the detailed information under the consideration. Legitimate influence reflects from one spouses attempt to shared the values concerning their role upon others feelings. The spouse is influenced by the shared belief that she or he should make the decision. For example husband is the man of the house, therefore he should make some particular decision. Individuals may use many different combination of influence strategy simultaneously during their attempt to persuade one another in discussion to reach the modification consideration set. Thus, the following hypothesis is proposed: Hypothesis A4. Husband has greater influence in making decision for modification consideration set Hypothesis A5. Wife has greater influence in the in making decision for modification consideration set 2.3.5. Conflict in Couples Decision Making Process Not only couples but also all the consumer will have a consideration and negotiation when they want to make a decision. The simple practice is how consumer selecting a product such as normal product, house, or travel destination. An individual will likely to interact with others during the decision making process and it will affect the final decision. In a couple, the husband and wife will discuss on the matters that they want to decide and undeniable that each of them should change their preference to the other alternative to reach the final decision and they will share their opinions on the desirable alternatives since they individually have different preferences (Spiro, 1983 in Jang, et al., 2007). There is a possibility that conflict might happened within the couple decision making process. Conflicts may be happened because the impact of gender role orientation reflects the atitude of the spouses toward roles played by husbands and wives (Qualls, 1987) or primarily due to the difference of perception on objectives (Frikha, 2010). However, couples will have a discussion, negotiation, to seek an agreement to the final decision. Hypothesis A5. Conflicts occur during the discussion due to the different preferences. 2.4. Push-Pull Factors Affected the Decision Making Process In decision making process, there are many variables that could affect the consumers to reach the final decision. As mention in the concept of couples choice-sets model, the final decision is made by passing through several stages which are early consideration set, modified early consideration set or discussion, late consideration set to the final decision. As suggested by Crompton and Kim (1999) in Jang, et al. (2006) those continuous processes are affected by push factors and pull factors. 2.4.1. Push Factors In making decision, consumers generally have some internal factor that will affect them in the process to find the ideal final decision. The internal factor which is the push factor, the needs and wants of traveler, are the reason of why traveler wants to get out from their home or regular place. Moreover, push factors also concern to the desire to travel (Dann, 1977 in Decrop 2006) and predispose consumer to travel. Asserted by Decrop (2006) push factors develop travelers internally causing them looking for something, situation, and events. To make it easier, push factor is a foundation of motivations (Kent,1990 in Decrop, 2006). While there are many study on attitudes, images, perceptions and learning committed on the understanding on travelers behavior, motivation seems to be liable for describing much of the consumers tourism consumption behavior (Sirakaya, et al., 2003). Another suggestion said that motivation is a driving behind the consumers consumptions behavior, therefore motivated consumers try to fulfill their needs by acting on physiology and psychology. In previous research on tourism, the researcher was emphasized on the motivation-based because it could gives idea and comprehension for the marketers in developing and promoting the tourist attraction. Without an understanding on the consumers motivation, the marketers will not be able to generate efficient tourism marketing (Fodness, 1994) and will allow researchers to have a better explain on future travel pattern and behavior (Uysal and Hagan, 1993). Iso-Ahola (1982) also pointed out that motivation is one of the crucial elements of leisure tra veler. Exploring the leisure travelers motive that affected the choice of destinations or alternatives, Crompton (1979) mentioned that variability of consumers social, cultural and psychological needs could be the main motivation for travel. He also analytically mentioned seven motives as push factors for travel which are escape from the day to day environment, exploration and evaluation of self, relaxing, prestige, regression, enhancement of kinship relationship, and facilitation of social interaction. Escape from the day to day environment, refers to the situation where the physically and socially different from the normal lives environment. Exploration and evaluation of self, motivations which travelers will get from the changes into new surroundings by physically and socially that could not be achieved by staying in their own environment. Relaxing, referred to a mental relaxation rather than physical relaxation. Prestige, it is a motive when travelers have a frequent travel, for them it is perceived to be less prestige. Regression, motive when consumers respond that leisure vacation provides a chance to do things extraordinary, different from their usual life. Enhancement of kinship relationship refers to a perceived value of leisure travel as a medium to enrich the relationship. Facilitation of social interaction, when the travelers bring motive to meet new people, therefore the travel will be people oriented rather than place oriented. According to the description above, those motives also applicable on couples in choosing honeymoon hotel. Therefore, based on this concept, the following hypothesis is proposed: Hypothesis B1. There is a motive of escape from the day to day environment when couples choose honeymoon hotel. Hypothesis B2. There is a motive of exploration and evaluation of self when couples choose honeymoon hotel. Hypothesis B3. There is a motive of relaxing when couples choose honeymoon hotel. Hypothesis B4. There is a motive of prestige when couples choose honeymoon hotel. Hypothesis B5. There is a motive of regression when couples choose honeymoon hotel. Hypothesis B6. There is a motive of enhancement of kinship when couples choose honeymoon hotel. Hypothesis B7. There is a motive of facilitation of social interaction when couples choose honeymoon hotel. 2.4.2. Pull Factors Not only push factors that affecting consumer in making decision but also the pull factors. Pull factor is an external factor which created by the information of the goal objective, tourist holds and products attraction power (Gnoth, 1997 in Decrop, 2006). Different from the push factor which concern to the desire of travel, Dann (1977) explained that pull factor concern on the destination choice and attributes, that attracts traveler to a given hotel or destination and whose value is visible to stay on the object of travel. Furthermore, pull factors are those that appears as a result of attractiveness of a travel attributes. There are a lot of pull factors which affect traveler on the hotel selection process for travel which are novelty (Crompton, 1979), heritage/culture, entertainment, nature, rural (Uysal and Jurowski, 1994), facilities, easy accessibility (Kim et al., 2003), safety (Bogari et al., 2003) and so on. 2.4.2.1. Hotel Attributes as Pull Factors Nowadays there are many tourist destination spread out over countries. Tourism industry has become increasingly growing and a highly competitive market. In the hotel environment, where competition dominates, hoteliers must study the strengths and weaknesses of the product or service they provide and accurately define their importance and performance. Many choices of product and services attract tourist differently in each destination. However, each tourist has their freedom to choose amongst a set of destination according to their motivation, preference and attitude to determine a destination to be selected. According to Kozak (1999), tourist mentally categorize destination into three categories. First is consideration, where all destination that consumer is aware and likely to visit. Second is inert, where all destination that consumer is aware but no decision is made to visit in a specific period. Third is inept, refer to destination that consumer is aware of but has no intention to visit in a specific time. Various type of consumer profile such as level of age, income, occupation and personality significantly affect the choice to vacation and select the destination. In choosing destination for vacation, there several factors attract consumer externally. Regarding the hotel industry, Chu and Choi (2000) mentioned that room rates have been considered as the main factor that increases the cost for a trip. Other than that, price also affects consumers motivation to travel. The price for a destination becomes one of main attributes for motivation to travel. And usually price directly affected by the exchange rates (Kozak, 1999). Some tourists are preferred to travel to a destination that has a lower value than their own currency (Witt and Martin, 1987 in Kozak, 1999). The positive or negative variance of exchange rate of a country or destination may lead to the increase or decrease in the level of tourist product or services prices. Following by facility and services are the major thing that consumer meet during the vacation. An adequate and qualified of both facility and services in a particular destination will affect consumer to revisit the destination itself (Kozak, 1999). The services and facilities offered by a hotel or are those features of products or services that lead consumers to choose one product over others (Lewis, 1983 in Chu and Choi, 2000). The previous study have shown that tourists satisfaction with hotel properties, including services, facilities and price, seems to be one of the factors that could bring the hotel successful and create many patronages or loyal customers (Stevens, 1992 in Chu and Choi, 2000). Safety and security also becomes an important thing to be considered in choosing destination for vacation. Making tourist feel secure will become the plus point for the destination itself to be selected (Kozak,1999). Consumer will prefer to go to a place that has a lower rate of crime and high in safety and security matters. Hotel image also one of the factors that influence the consumers choice. LeBlanc and Nguyen (1996) mentioned the five hotel factors that may determine a hotels image to travelers. These five factors are physical environment, corporate identity, service personnel, quality of services and accessibility. Moreover, it is found that that cleanliness of the accommodation, followed by safety and security, accommodation value for money, courtesy and helpfulness of staff were identified as top attributes for travelers in hotel choice selection (Atkinson, 1988 in Chu and Choi, 2000). The previous study shows that There are a lot of studies have attempted to analyze customer satisfaction in terms of both expectations that relate to certain important attributes and value of the attribute performance (Chu and Choi, 2000). According to Barsky (1992) the terms importance is accepted by customers as satisfaction. When a customer perceives an attribute as important, the customer will believe that the attribute will play an important role in influencing his or her choice (MacKenzie, 1986 in Chu and Choi, 2000). Those attributes will influence consumers purchase intention and as a comparison from competitors providing. A comprehensive review of the literature for the hospitality industry suggests that attributes such as cleanliness, location, room rate, security, service quality, and the reputation of the hotel have been considered by most tourists in hotel choice decision. Those factors above are some of the pull factors that may be taken as consideration by consumer in choosing destination for vacation. However, there are many factors to be considered which may be affected couples in honeymoon hotel and no doubt those factors above are possible as well become the factors that affected their decision making. Based on the description above the following hypothesis is proposed: Hypothesis C1. Hotel attributes which falls under facilities and services are influencing couples late consideration set in choosing honeymoon hotel. Hypothesis C2. Hotel attributes which is room rates are influencing couples late consideration set in choosing honeymoon hotel. Hypothesis C3. Hotel attributes which is falls under safety and security are influencing couples late consideration set in choosing honeymoon hotel. Hypothesis C4. Hotel attributes which is falls under hotel image are influencing couples late consideration set in choosing honeymoon hotel. 2.4.2.2. Advertising In todays globalization, marketing aspect has become an aspect which is keeps growing follow the world trends. Business to consumer e-commerce is fast replacing the traditional way of marketing. The electronic commerce is slowly changing the way businesses operating. The spread of web facility and the acceptance of the internet have requested businesses to establish internet website to maintain the relationship with customers, suppliers, employees and shareholders. The development of the internet has been a major event in the hospitality industry and it will gradually revolutioniz

How does star bucks create brand equity?

How does star bucks create brand equity? Question 1 How does Starbucks create brand equity? According to Kotler 2009, brand equity is reflected in how customers, think, feel and act with respect to the brand, prices, market share, and profitability that the brand commands for the firm. The green and white Starbuck logo is widely recognized. Starbuck create brand equity by turning an everyday beverage into a premium product. Starbuck coffee defined not only a product, but also attitude and personality together. In addition, Starbuck also launched various flavours that reflect the different moods and taste. Starbuck create brand equity by provides a superior level of customer service collecting the suggestion or the ideas from consumer. Therefore, Starbuck build a high degree of customer loyalty successfully. Apart from this, Starbuck also sell best quality of the coffee and related products like beverage mug. Starbuck become fastest growing brands. (Business Weeks, 2002) This is because it is about the experience, the atmosphere and the place that let most people gets away f rom everyday stresses. Starbuck also created an affinity with customers. Beside this, Starbuck also do commitment to the community to increase the brand equity. Question 2 Why enter the Asian market? Why enter Singapore? Starbucks enter Asian market because its company felt that Asian offered more potential market than Europe. According to one executive of Starbuck, Asian is a region which full of emerging markets since the consumer disposable income increase as country economics growth. Apart from this, people in Asia are open to Western lifestyle. Starbuck enter Asian because of the highly â€Å"Westernized† ideas and lifestyle. Finally, coffee consumption growth rates in Southeast Asia are estimated to increase 20 % to 30 % yearly. Economic for Singapore has an annual growth rate of 11% (1998 in real terms).   Apart from this, Singapore countrys per capital income is the third highest in Asia after Japan and Brunei. Singapore has one of the best living conditions in Asia. Singaporeans are able to indulge luxury goods and they also like to indulge themselves with food. Singaporeans feel quality and price that eating has become a national obsession. Starbuck coffee is a premium beverage product and this brand product can defined as attitude of a person. Starbuck is not just a drink but personality together. Beside this, Starbuck choose to invest in Singapore because Singapore entertainment is influenced by Western culture. Singaporean highly â€Å"Westernized† ideas adopted. Starbuck identify as American icon except McDonalds. Starbuck create an American coffee culture. Starbuck should focus on Singapore because of the market has tremendous growth potential. According to Bruce Rolph, he thinks that peopl e should increasingly focus on Singapore not as a mature market with low earnings and growth potential. Finally, the Singaporean market still has no clear leader in the specialty coffee industry. Starbuck may get high demand of product in Singapore. Question 3 Who is the target market? Starbuck target people who are open to Western culture and lifestyle. In addition, Starbuck also target people who are with high disposable income. Those people are able and willing to spend money for purchasing costly gourmet coffee.   Target market for Starbuck is mainly adult-focused. The aims are for connecting with their client, communities. (Starbuck Campaign Market Analysis) Starbuck target consumer are from urban-areas because individuals who are willing to purchase costly gourmet coffee. Apart from this, college student who are undergraduate or post-graduate living in urban areas are target market for Starbuck too. (Starbuck Campaign Market Analysis) In addition, Starbuck also target consumer who are stressful. Starbuck provide a relax environment which is about the experience, the atmosphere and the place that let most people gets away from everyday stresses. Starbuck also created an affinity with customers. Question 4 Is Starbucks facing cannibalization? Yes, Starbuck is facing cannibalization. Even through, sales of Starbucks and growing rapidly but the rate of growth is slow. Rate of growth is slowing at existing stores and the annual sales growth at stores from 19% in 1993 to 7% in 1996 because of store cannibalization. Stores cannibalization has been known as open stores within one block of each other led to market saturation. Stores cannibalization cause competition among close Starbucks stores and damage the company culture within the workforce. Store cannibalization also cause decrease in employees performance. Question 5 Who are some of Starbucks joint venture partners? Starbuck joint venture partners are Capitol Records, Sazaby Inc. in Japan, Dreyers Grand Ice Cream, Pepsi-Cola, Intel Corporation and Mack Johnsons Johnson Development Corporation. In 1995, Starbuck released Blue Note Blend Coffee and CD with Capitol Records. An agreement signed at October 1995 with Sazaby Inc. to develop Starbuck retail stores in Japan. Starbuck form joint-venture with Dreyers Grand Ice Cream to form premium line of coffee ice cream market. North American Coffee Partnership formed between Pepsi-Cola and Starbucks at 1996. The partnership announced its plan to market a bottled version of Starbucks Frappuccino beverage. Apart from this, Starbucks also push it market toward cybercafes by formed joint venture with Intel Corporation. In addition, Starbucks formed joint-venture with Mack Johnsons Johnson Development Corporation to develop Starbucks locations in underserved, inner-city urban neighbourhoods. Question 6 Is Starbucks a socially responsible company? Starbucks is a socially responsible company. Starbucks sell only finest whole- bean coffee and coffee beverages. Roast coffee bean that do not meet the company requirement or the coffee bean is remaining in the bins for more than one week will be donated to charity. In addition, Starbuck also contributed in CARE which is a non-profit charity organization since 1991 for the needy in coffee-growing countries. Starbucks has helped establish health and literacy programs in Guatemala, Indonesia, Kenya, and Ethiopia as North Americas leading corporate sponsor. This long-term charity program has helped improve living conditions in the coffee-producing countries. Starbucks established a Code of Conduct policy, which is the first step in a long-term commitment to improving social conditions in the worlds coffee-growing nations in 1996. Starbucks joined an organization, TransFair, which is works for the rights of farmers. The efforts of the organization are driven towards ensuring that coffee farmers get a significant part of the amount ($1.26 a pound) paid by coffee roasters for coffee beans. Also, in 2002, the company purchased 150,000 pounds of coffee beans from a fair-trade Consortium of Coffee Cooperatives of Guanacaste and Montes de Oro in Costa Rica (COOCAFE). Starbucks also formed an alliance with eight companies to enable the gift of over 320,000 new books for children. Starbucks also doing recycle with controls waste removal (2,344 out of 3,192 stores), recycled at least one or more items, including cardboard, plastic, paper and organic wastes. Question 7 How does Starbucks market themselves? Starbucks market themselves as selling premium beverage to the consumer. Starbuck try to positioning their product as the attitude and personality of an individual but not only a product. Starbucks serves the product as a beverage that can relax consumer with the store environment and create experience and place that is refuge for individual to get away from everyday stress. Therefore, Starbuck come out with various flavours that can reflect the different moods as well as taste. Starbuck also market themselves as the American icon. This is because Starbucks target individual that are highly â€Å"Westernized† ideas and lifestyle it had adopted. Apart from this, Starbucks market themselves as a luxury beverage. This is because Starbucks stores are provide air-conditional facilities. Besides, Starbucks also use high quality coffee bean to provide the premium beverage. Starbucks coffee is a coffee that let individuals taste the greatest taste of the coffee and enjoy themselves. Question 8 What are some substitutes? Starbucks competitors are Spinelli, Suntec Dome Holdings, Coffee Club, Coffee Connection, and Burkes Coffee. Spinelli Coffee Company is a company licensed by Equinox. Equinox is a joint-venture between Golden Harvest, Singapore Technologies Industrial Corp. and Singapore Conglomerate. In addition, Spinelli also involve in setting up roasting factories to supply Asian market. Spinelli brings to Asia years of experience in sourcing, producing and selling premium coffee drinks and whole bean coffee. Dome Cafà © is on European lines. It was discovered by a Singaporean. Dome Cafà © is well-known for its distinctive sidewalk and atrium cafes. Dome Cafà © also serve light snack and full meals served all day. Suntec Dome Holding was formed in 1996. Ronald Lee and Sebastian Ong, the founders of Dome imported European-style Dome concept from Australia. There are roasting factories in Singapore and Australia. The strategy is to expand in several Asian countries in Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Hong Kong and China. Coffee Club established coffee trading company Hiang Kie. The bestselling product in Coffee Club is Iced Mocha Vanilla. In addition, Coffee Club serves light meals of cakes, salad, sandwiches and home-made ice cream. Coffee Connection started in the 1980s by Sarika Coffee. It is the mother ship of coffee bars, with sixty-nine different drinks ranging from cool coffee jelly to Blue Mountain Chaser. The bestselling product is Cappuccino Italia no. They also serve ice cream, pasta, pizza and focaccia sandwiches. The origin of Burkes Coffee are started from four Singaporean students who are studies in Seattle. Burkes Coffee is a Seattle-styled cafà ©. Burke has made a name as a friendly and inviting place in Singapore. The store has established a loyal customer base of young professionals who visit the store frequently. Burkes serve sandwiches, soups, and desserts. There are seven basic coffee drinks, plus twelve Italian syrups that can add on request. The best attraction of the coffeehouses is the Mocha Freeze and Hazelnut Latte. Question 9 How did they come up with the name Starbucks? Starbucks began in 1971 with three academics white collar. There are English teacher Jerry Baldwin, history teacher Zev Siegel and a writer Gordon Bowker. There three partners shared a love of fine coffees and exotics teas. The name comes from Herman Melvilles Moby Dick, a classic American novel about the 19th century whaling industry. The seafaring name seems appropriate for a store that imports the worlds finest coffees to the cold, thirsty people of Seattle. Baldwin, Siegel, and Bowker chose the name Starbucks in honour of Starbuck, the coffee-loving first mate in Herman MelvillesMoby Dick, and because they thought the name evoked the romance of the high seas and the seafaring tradition of the early coffee traders. The new companys logo, designed by an artist friend, was a two-tailed mermaid encircled by the stores name. Question 10 Why did Starbucks choose to enter a predominantly tea consuming market like China? Starbucks choose to enter a predominantly tea consuming market like China because it is probably easier to accelerate the sale of ones products in a market where demand already exists if compare with a market that has a large number of potential consumers and an emerging economy but low demand for the product. As China that fits the above description down to it being predominantly tea-consuming and one of the smallest coffee markets in the world. Apart from this, China has large geographic area with large population. Starbucks enter China because its company felt that China offered most potential market in Asia. According to one executive of Starbuck, Asian is a region which full of emerging markets since the consumer disposable income increase as country economics growth. China has the most population in Asia and China economic growth rapidly. Apart from this, people in China are open to Western lifestyle. Finally, coffee consumption growth rates in Southeast Asia are estimated to increase 20 % to 30 % yearly. Question 11 Why did Starbucks places its outlets in China in mainly commercial areas? Starbucks places its outlets in China in mainly commercial areas because individual living in urban areas are Western lifestyle adapted. Starbucks as American icon coffeehouses are highly recognize by individual living in commercial areas. Starbucks are identifying themselves a premium beverage seller with best quality of coffee bean. Thus, Starbucks couldnt sell their product with low price. The individual with higher disposable income are living in mainly in commercial areas. Individual in commercial area have higher purchase ability to do expense. Furthermore, Starbucks depend less domestic advertising but more promotion through discount coupon and visits, which draw first-time consumers.

Long-term Effects of an Expanded Cardiac Rehabilitation Program after M

Introduction An acute coronary syndrome is defined as a â€Å"sudden onset of myocardial ischemia which results in myocardial death, that is, a myocardial infarction.† (Citation) A myocardial infarction occurs when the blood flow is reduced in a coronary artery, usually due to excessive plaque, which results in a complete occlusion of the artery. Cardiac rehabilitation is an important aspect of continuity of care after a patient who has recently experienced a myocardial infarction is free of symptoms. A major goal of cardiac rehabilitation is to improve and extend quality of life. Problem Statement The purpose of this study was â€Å"to evaluate whether an expanded cardiac rehabilitation program, intended to alter patient’s lifestyle, could decrease cardiac events as compared to standard cardiac rehabilitation during a five-year period† (Plà ¼ss, et al., 2011). The purpose statement indirectly expressed a relationship between two independent variables and one dependent variable. The two independent variables in this study were an extended cardiac rehabilitation program and a standard cardiac rehabilitation program. The dependent variable was a decrease in cardiovascular events. Review of the Literature Throughout the years, there have been many studies outlining the importance of cardiac rehabilitation and its role in reducing risk factors that predispose individuals to cardiovascular complications. However, these studies and the guidelines previously proposed are mainly based on small studies which included young men with a low risk of experiencing a myocardial infarction. Furthermore, there have been few randomized, controlled studies conducted to evaluate the effects of cardiac rehabilitation on cardiovascular morbidity. According... ...farctions and the risk reduction expressed as HR 0.51 (95% CI 0.31-0.86)† (Plà ¼ss, et al., 2011). The Danrehab study reported similar reduction in the length of stay for patients with heart disease and at high risk for ischemic heart disease. Transferring these findings into nursing practice will provide great benefits. There will be a great reduction in healthcare cost and consumption. Along with, fewer deaths related to cardiovascular events. Patients will be able to live longer, healthier lives. Works Cited Plà ¼ss, C., Billing, E., Held, C., Henriksson, P., Kiessling, A., Karlsson, M., & Wallen, H. (2011). Long-term effects of an expanded cardiac rehabilitation programme after myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass surgery: a five-year follow-up of a randomized controlled study. Clinical Rehabilitation, 25(1), 79-87. doi:10.1177/0269215510376006

Marlow’s Metamorphosis in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay

Marlow’s Metamorphosis in Heart of Darkness Conrad's novel, Heart of Darkness, relies on the historical period of imperialism to illuminate its protagonist, Charlie Marlow, and his struggle with two opposite value systems. Marlow undergoes a catharsis during his trip to the Congo and learns of the effects of imperialism. I will analyze Marlow's change, which is caused by his exposure to the imperialistic nature of the historical period in which he lived. Marlow goes to the Congo River to report on Mr. Kurtz, a valuable officer, to their employer. When he sets sail, he does not know what to expect. When his journey is complete, his experiences have changed him forever. Heart of Darkness is a story of one man's journey through the African Congo and the enlightenment of his soul. Marlow begins his voyage as an ordinary English sailor who is traveling to the African Congo to work. He is an Englishmen through and through. He has never been exposed to any culture similar to the one he will encounter in Africa, and he has no idea about the drastically different culture that exists there. Throughout the book, Conrad, via Marlow's observations, reveals to the reader the naive mentality of Europeans. Marlow also shares this naivetà © in the beginning of his voyage. However, after his first few moments in the Congo, he realizes the ignorance he and all his comrades possess. We first recognize the general naivetà © of the Europeans when Marlow's aunt sees him for the last time before he embarks on his journey. She assumes that the voyage is a mission of "weaning those ignorant millions from their horrid ways [. . .]" (line 16). In reality, however, the Euro peans are there in the name of imperialism and their sole objective is to earn... ... Johnson, Bruce. â€Å"Conrad’s Impressionism and Watt’s â€Å"Delayed Decoding.† Conrad Revisited: Essays for the Eighties: 51-70. By Ross C Murfin. University: The Univ. of Alabama, 1985. Rpt. in Heart of Darkness: An Authoritative Text, Backgrounds and Sources, Criticism. Ed. Kimbrough, Robert. 3rd ed. Norton Critical Edition, New York: Norton, 1988. McLauchlan, Juliet. â€Å"The Value and Significance of Heart of Darkness.† Conradia 15 (1983): 3-21. Rpt. in Heart of Darkness: An Authoritative Text, Backgrounds and Sources, Criticism. Ed. Kimbrough, Robert. 3rd ed. Norton Critical Edition, New York: Norton, 1988. Stewart, Garrett. â€Å"Lying as Dying in Heart of Darkness.† PMLA 95 (1980): 319-31. Rpt. in Heart of Darkness: An Authoritative Text, Backgrounds and Sources, Criticism. Ed. Kimbrough, Robert. 3rd ed. Norton Critical Edition, New York: Norton, 1988.

Developing an international marketing plan Essay

Working in teams of 4 – 5 students you will analyze a country’s cultural and economic environment in order to develop a marketing program for a specific product or service. The purpose of this assignment is to facilitate cross-cultural understanding and evaluate a country’s market potential. You should work as if you represent a company planning to expand operations to several new countries. Your job is to analyze and tentatively propose a marketing program for the company’s product in one of the countries. The project includes a paper (15 pages plus as many appendixes, tables, etc. as needed) and a presentation (each group will have 15 minutes to present their work to the class). Please see The Country Notebook (p. 586) in International Marketing by Cateora and Graham. Project Components 1) Identify country 2) Identify product and develop product fact sheet 3) Economic analysis 4) Cultural analysis 5) Market audit and competitive analysis 6) Marketing plan 1) Selecting a Country Please choose a country that you have some interest in and would like to develop in-depth knowledge. There are only three restrictions in the selection of a country: 1) you must study a country other than your own, 2) two groups cannot select the same country, and 3) you cannot study the United States. You can select countries ranging from the most economically developed to most recent developing nations. You must have a country selected by week 3. 2) Selecting a Product The focus of this project is exclusively consumer products. You may choose any consumer product. You must also produce a 1 page product fact sheet identifying the product and product features (e.g., brand name, description, usage, purpose, benefits, unit size, cost, contents or other relevant features). The product fact sheet is due in week 4. Also include your product fact sheet as an appendix in your final project. 3) Economic Analysis Entire books have been written on the topics in this section, however I want you to demonstrate an understanding of the economic information and highlight points of particular significance from a marketing planning perspective. Potential categories of information include population, economic statistics and activity, developments in science and technology, distribution systems, and media. Adapt and modify these categories as necessary. In addition, provide a 1-page summary of the major economic points. The 1-page summary is due in week 6. Also place the summary in the appendix of your final project. 4) Cultural Analysis You will need to report cultural facts that you have identified and analyze these facts in terms of likely marketing implications. Relevant cultural information includes geographical setting, social institutions (family, education, political, legal, etc.), religion, living conditions, and language. In addition to reporting facts, it is important to interpret this information. You must answer the question â€Å"What does this cultural information have to do with marketing?† You will also have to complete a 2-page essay on â€Å"what it is like to be a citizen of† the country that you choose to study. The â€Å"what it is like†¦Ã¢â‚¬  essay is due in week 6. Also include your essay as an appendix in your final project. 5) Market audit and competitive analysis This section is used to determine competitive market conditions and market potential. This information is then used to determine the extent of adaptation of the company’s marketing mix. Consider the product and the market (e.g., consider the conditions where the product will be sold, competitors, government involvement, market size, etc.). 6) Marketing plan The information that you have developed should serve as a basis for your marketing plan. You need to identify the most effective means of marketing your product or service in the country identified. Categories include objectives, product, promotion, distribution, and price. Please indicate if you think that this is a profitable market opportunity for your product or service. Be sure to include your recommendations. You have the option of recommending to market or not to market the product in the country. Make sure your decision is supported with adequate information. FORMAT ISSUES †¢ Be concise. The final product should be no more than 15 pages in length (not including appendices and references). The paper should be easily read and understood. o It should be written in concise business-style English o Use bullet-point statements with short explanatory paragraphs when appropriate. o Include charts and figures to describe numerical data. o Include pictures if appropriate. †¢ Form matters. The look of this document is important. It should look as if it has been professionally prepared. Use double-spacing with 12-point font. All tables, figures and appendices should be individually labeled and titled (e.g., Table 1: Descriptive Statistics of †¦; Appendix A: Graphical Representation of †¦). †¢ Writing matters. I expect you to write clearly, using language that conveys what you mean. All members of the group should carefully inspect the document for grammatical and spelling errors. o You do not get credit for correct grammar, punctuation and spelling. However, you WILL MOST CERTAINLY lose points if there are problems in this area. OTHER STUFF †¢ Each group should submit three exam questions (and answers) to the instructor prior to the presentation. One of these questions may be placed on the exam. †¢ History suggests that not every member of a group will actively participate in the project. In order to overcome this tendency, I will ask each group member to complete a peer evaluation for this project. This evaluation is intended to force you to confront (as a group) at the start what expectations each of you has for the others in your group relative to this project. †¢ Each group is required to meet with the instructor during the term to make sure that the group is on the right track with the project. Be prepared to discuss what you will be doing, how you will be doing it, and how you will present this information in class. †¢ Rather than splitting the project up among group members and then putting it together at the end, I strongly urge you to approach it as a total entity. This will help with the flow of the writing and understanding of how each element relates to the others. o Your grade will be reduced if it appears that you slapped together four different parts written by four different people. †¢ Cite all of your sources. PRESENTATION GUIDELINES †¢ Each group is required to make a presentation to the class. †¢ Each group member must present, but the amount of time does not have to be shared equally across all members. †¢ Practice, practice, practice! It is the only way to make sure that the timing is right and the only way to ensure that the transitions between speakers are smooth. †¢ It is important to engage the audience. Make the presentation fun and interesting. Ask questions, show enthusiasm, and include visual aids and props when appropriate. †¢ Make an effort to face the class when you’re speaking. People often have a tendency to talk to the screen. Also, do not stand in front of the screen. Remember, you want your audience to see it. †¢ Speak clearly and deliberately. Students often rush through the presentation. Remember, even though you are really familiar with the content, others are not. †¢ Presentation slides should include enough information to communicate the key points to the class. †¢ Attendance is mandatory for ALL students, whether presenting or not. It is the responsibility of the audience to listen attentively and to engage the speakers where appropriate.

Organic Chemistry Lab

organic fertilizer Chemistry Laboratory news report. test 1 crystal. Objectives 1. To watch the crystallization process. 2. To lay the best suitable solvent to work for the crystallization process. 3. Gain an experience in purifying an organic compound by the techniques of the crystallization. Introduction. quartz is a technique which chemists subprogram to purify solid compounds. It is one of the innate procedures each chemist must get to become proficient in the laboratory. Organic compounds isolated from their natural sources or prepargond synthetically in the laboratory atomic number 18 usually impure.The impurities top executive be compounds with properties similar to those of the desired compounds, reaction-starting materials, products of side reactions, or frank dust or soil. Pure substances ar not only important to chemists in their studies of matter just similarly are vital in other areas of study such as medicine where those substances might be used as med ications Crystallization is based on the principles of solubility compounds (solutes) prevail to be more dissolvable in hot liquids (solvents) than they are in insentient liquids.If a saturated hot etymon is allowed to cool, the solute is no longer fat-soluble in the solvent and forms crystals of pure compound. Impurities are excluded from the increment crystals and the pure solid crystals can be separated from the dissolved impurities by filtration. chemical requirement. Solvent Distilled water, Ethanol, and Acetone. Solute Acetanilide. Result Data and Report Sheet. 1. 1 Choosing a suitable solvent.Solvents solubility styles and quantity of the crystal at path temperature Room temperature Hot temperature Distilled water water-insoluble soluble Crystal like dust coat needle Ethanol good - No crystal Acetone good - No crystal Why do you use up this solvent? It is because Acetanilide is more soluble in hot water but not in old water, also sugar is impurity it is very soluble in cold water therefore, it fits the inwrought characteristics needed for the suitable solvent. . 2 Crystallization Appearance of acetanilide sample (before crystallization) clean-living dust. Mass of acetanilide sample (before crystallization) 2. 15g. Appearance of acetanilide crystal jelly whiteness like white needle. Mass of carry typography 1. 42g Mass of filter paper +acetanilide crystal Mass of acetanilide crystal Calculation. % yield of crystal =